To start, let’s define what we mean by language. According to the Oxford Dictionary:
“Language is the method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way.”
It’s something we don’t often think about, but when two people cannot understand each other, they’re speaking different languages. And when they can understand each other? We tend to assume they’re speaking dialects of the same language. But here’s the catch: this assumption can lead to problems, especially in legal interpreting.
Language vs. Dialect: What’s the Difference?
Many people believe that dialects are just “versions” of a language, but linguists argue that each dialect is actually a distinct language. Max Weinreich, a sociolinguist, famously said, “A language is a dialect with an army and navy.” This highlights that the distinction is often more about political and social factors than linguistic ones.
Examples in the Real World
Take a look at some of the differences between American, Canadian, and British English dialects. While they are all forms of English, the differences in pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar can be significant enough to cause confusion. This demonstrates that even dialects of the same language can be mutually unintelligible at times.
The Bantu languages provide a more extreme example, illustrating how the same language can evolve into multiple dialects that may no longer be mutually intelligible. Bantu speakers from different regions may not understand each other, even though their languages share a common root.
Why It Matters in Legal Cases
This distinction becomes even more important in legal interpretation. For example, requesting a “Chinese interpreter” could lead to confusion. Mandarin and Cantonese are both Chinese dialects, but they’re not mutually intelligible. Similarly, you may assume a client from Mexico speaks Spanish, only to discover they speak Mixteco or another indigenous language instead.
Takeaway
The distinction between language and dialect is crucial in legal settings. Miscommunication, even if it seems minor, can have significant consequences in the outcome of a case. Always verify which language or dialect your client speaks before hiring an interpreter. This small step can ensure that your legal proceedings run smoothly and accurately.
At Legal Interpreters LLC, we make it a priority to provide highly accurate, culturally aware, and linguistically correct interpretation services. Click the button below to contact us.
Written by Alicja Zyzdryn